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Abstract |

Dynamic measurements of samples and devices in real operating conditions can provide insight on complex reactions and processes. We’re particularly interested in how and why lithium-ion batteries (and components thereof) fare in harsh environments – e.g. at low and high temperature, and high(er) stress / pressure. I’ll describe our modular platform for operando measurements, which enables combinations of electrochemistry, X-ray diffraction, mechanical or gaseous pressure, and imaging / spectroscopy over a wide range of temperatures and time scales. Data management and processing strategies, including iterative approaches to X-ray diffraction peak finding and fitting, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, will also be described. Examples of complex processes captured by our operando measurements, including hysteresis in the reaction of lithium with precious metals, creep deformation of lithium metal electrodes, and the effect (if any) of pressure on solid-state electrolyte conductivity, will be provided.